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Content
- Video Tumor Board #5. Сlinical cases (ENG)
- How is an ultrasound of the testicles done in men?
- Price
- Indications for the study
- What does ultrasound show
- Possible pathologies
- What are the benefits of an ultrasound scan of the scrotum?
- How is the procedure carried out
- How is an ultrasound examination performed??
- Contraindications
- Training
- Video Herniomarathon-3. English version
- Diagnosis of oncogenic neoplasms
- Identification of infertility
- Diagnosis of acute scrotum syndrome
- Video Space Medicine Application for Terrestrial Wellness
Video Tumor Board #5. Сlinical cases (ENG)
Home » Ultrasound of the genitourinary system »
Ultrasound of the testicles helps to diagnose the organs of the scrotum without harm to the body. This method is recognized as informative and non-invasive. It is prescribed for pathological and inflammatory processes occurring in the male genitalia. Does not require special training. Only the attending physician, a urologist, who can correctly diagnose and prescribe the correct treatment if necessary, should deal with the interpretation of the results of the study.
How is an ultrasound of the testicles done in men?
Ultrasound examination of the scrotum is carried out according to the following scheme:
- The patient needs to expose the lower part of the torso.
- Take a lying position.
- On the skin, the specialist applies a gel that helps the sensor slide and prevents air from entering. Air can skew results.
- If a man experiences pain during the examination, then local anesthesia is used.
- The ultrasound doctor must first visualize one testicle, and then the other. Be sure to evaluate the size, structure.
Price
How much does an ultrasound of the scrotum cost - it depends on the region and clinic. In Moscow, an ultrasound of the scrotum will cost from 500 rubles, in the regions - from 300. These prices are valid for a simple ultrasound. Doppler ultrasound will cost more - prices start at 1,200 rubles in Moscow and 800 in provincial cities.
Many men are interested in where to do an ultrasound of the scrotum with doppler. Such equipment is available in any clinic. As a rule, the doctor who ordered this examination will tell the patient where an internal ultrasound diagnosis of the scrotum is done nearby.
| Procedure name | Price |
| Ultrasound of the scrotum | 1500 rub. |
| Ultrasound of the scrotum with dopplerography of blood vessels | 1500 rub. |
| Appointment with a urologist-andrologist | 1500 rub. |
| Treatment and diagnostic appointment (repeated) | 1200 rub. |
Indications for the study
A study of male organs is done if there are indications for this:
- Inflammation of the epididymis.
- Testicular inflammation.
- Inflammation of the testicles and appendages.
- Tumor of the scrotum.
- Expansion of the veins of the inguinal canal.
- Dropsy.
- Injuries of the genital organs, testicles.
- Infertility.
- Cyst is not inflammatory.
- Accumulation of pus in the scrotum.
Very often, in addition, a Doppler examination of the scrotum can be prescribed to a man.
What does ultrasound show
Using ultrasound scanning, you can assess the size, structure of the organ, the presence of cysts, tumors, inflammation. With simultaneous dopplerography, the blood circulation of the organs is also examined.
The norm and size of the testicles
In a mature male, the organ has a length of about 4 cm, and a width, thickness of about 3 cm, its average weight is 15 g. The scrotum is a kind of case of connective tissue and muscle fibers. When examining it, the spermatic cords, testicles, heads of the appendages are clearly visible, and their tail and body are not normally visible.
The size prostate norm with ultrasound
The structure of the gonads is homogeneous, at the back surface there is a well-defined area of compacted tissue. The contours of the testicles are clear and even. There is a small amount of fluid between them and the scrotum.
Calcifications in testicles
A frequent finding is the detection of calcium deposits in the shell of the testicles or its interior. Thus, tissues restore their integrity during inflammatory processes, infections, injuries, circulatory disorders.
By themselves, such calcifications are not dangerous, they do not require additional examination if the man does not have concomitant signs of infertility, cryptorchidism, testicular atrophy. If there are more than 5 calcifications in the field of view and a family predisposition to tumors of the gonads, a blood test for tumor markers is necessary.
Calcifications in the prostate
Other deviations
If diseases are detected, their signs on ultrasound can be:
- epididymitis (inflammation of the appendage) - the head of the appendage is enlarged, the tail and body are visible, the volume of fluid between the membranes exceeds the norm;
- varicocele - expansion of the veins of the spermatic cord, a decrease in the size of the testicle;
- injury - accumulation of fluid, changes in the contours of the testicle and its structure;
- testicular torsion - experiencing the ovarian artery and stopping the movement of blood through it;
- tumor - they detect hypoechoic (tissue rarefaction), less often hyperechoic (high density) formation with uneven contours and heterogeneous structure, the shape and size of the testicle are changed, the tumor can go beyond the organ;
- infertility - there are cystic formations that inhibit the movement of sperm, expanded seminal ducts in the head of the epididymis.
Possible pathologies
The study of the testicles using ultrasound is considered a reliable method that helps to identify pathologies of the scrotum:
- Absence of testicles in the scrotum, their location in the abdominal cavity. Refers to genetic pathology. In this situation, the testicles will have a smaller size, no granularity, little or no blood flow.
- testicular tumors. Presented as neoplasms having a heterogeneous structure. If a formation of small sizes was detected, then there is every chance of recovery.
- Calcifications.
- Cyst.
- Orchitis accompanied by infections.
- Abscess.
- Dropsy testis.
- Varicocele.
What are the benefits of an ultrasound scan of the scrotum?
Ultrasound of the scrotum involves scanning the testes, blood vessels and spermatic cord using a special sensor. This diagnostic method has several advantages:
- Absolute painlessness and non-invasive technique. The patient does not feel any physical discomfort, and the integrity of the dermis is not violated.
- High information content of the method. Using ultrasound, you can track the condition of the testes and their anatomical structure. And if you use a doppler, then it is possible to see the functionality of the blood vessels of the scrotum.
- Method safety. Ultrasound is an excellent and safe alternative to x-rays.
Important: the only drawback of ultrasound of the testicles in men is the inability to determine the type of tumor in the scrotum. Therefore, if a neoplasm is detected, an additional biopsy will have to be done.
How is the procedure carried out
The examination is carried out at different times of the day. It does not require special training. The scrotum is an external organ. It is not subjected to pressure from the bladder and prostate gland. Bladder emptying can be omitted.
Before starting the procedure, the patient is placed on a special couch. A gel is applied to the scrotum, which allows the nozzle to easily slide over the surface of the organ being examined. During the examination, the nozzle in some areas presses on the tissues of the scrotum. This is necessary for a thorough study of the gonads. The total procedure time is 10-20 minutes. It depends on the pathology of the internal organs.
At the end of the procedure, the remains of the gel are wiped off with a disposable napkin. The patient can leave the office. The specialist describes the seen picture in the hospital record. Based on this examination, the man is prescribed the necessary treatment.
How is an ultrasound examination performed??
Testicular ultrasound is a painless procedure. Pain in a man can occur only with acute orchiepididymitis. In this case, it is better to wait a few days and do a diagnostic procedure after the inflammatory process has passed. In other cases, no discomfort occurs during an ultrasound scan. The patient is usually in the supine position. The doctor applies the gel to the area of study and to the sensor of the apparatus for a smoother glide and greater information content. The gel is water-based and hypoallergenic, so you should not worry about an allergic reaction of the body. The sensor is installed to the organs, and with smooth movements in various directions, the diagnostician scans the area, while receiving information in the form of an image on the monitor. Ultrasound procedure lasts 10-15 minutes. The examination time may increase if a tumor is suspected, since in this case an additional examination of adjacent organs is carried out. The results are given to the patient in 10-15 minutes after the examination. Previous Next
Contraindications
Ultrasound is recommended for many male ailments. The event is indicated for pain, infertility and a number of other problems associated with the reproductive system. However, there are contraindications to the procedure, which should be taken into account even at the preparation stage.
Before contacting a clinic in Moscow, you need to visit a narrow specialist. The doctor will assess the level of health, conduct an examination and decide on the possibility of a medical event. Some diseases (dermatological, venereological, allergic) may become an obstacle to the appointment of an ultrasound examination.
Make an appointment by calling 7 or by filling out the online form
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In some cases, the procedure cannot be performed. In Moscow, the study of organs using ultrasound is not possible in the presence of:
- inflammatory, infectious lesions of the skin of the scrotum;
- scratches, wounds, abscesses, erosions on the surface of the skin;
- allergic reactions.
In such situations, it is necessary to wait for the disappearance of the listed manifestations, healing of the skin. After undergoing treatment, it is advisable to do an ultrasound of the scrotum in Moscow. In the absence of contraindications, the study of the state of the genital organs is safe and informative. For the diagnosis of most andrological diseases, an ultrasound examination is recommended.
Training
Before diagnosis, patients undergo PCR. It is necessary to conduct a general blood test, urine. In the blood, the duration of clotting, the number of platelets are assessed.
The patient donates blood for HIV, syphilis, hepatitis B and C, determines the group and Rh factor of the blood. Blood sugar level is measured. Performed electrocardiography.
After performing these procedures, an ultrasound of the testicles is performed.
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A man a few days before the diagnosis should not drink alcohol and do not smoke. The absence of traces of alcoholic beverages, tobacco products in his body allows the spermatozoa to remain viable.
During the preparation for the procedure, it is forbidden to visit the sauna or hot tub. Diagnosis is carried out on an empty stomach.
Before the ultrasound, cosmetic procedures are performed aimed at minimizing vegetation in the groin, in the lower abdomen, on the scrotum. Manipulations are carried out carefully, without injury to the skin. In the worst case, it is dangerous for the development of pustular lesions of the skin.
Diagnosis of oncogenic neoplasms
Ultrasound examination of the scrotum has been widely used in diagnosing malignant processes, the accuracy of determination and detection of which is quite high.
The development of tumors is most often associated with the spermatogenic epithelium - cells that are responsible for sperm production. This is the most common cause of oncogenic diseases of the testicles of the scrotum.
In addition, in some cases, malignant tumor processes lead to stromal cells responsible for providing a scaffold, an environment for the spermatogenic epithelium to develop. Sometimes the occurrence of neoplasms is associated with secondary tumors.
Often at risk are those patients who have undescended testicles from the peritoneal cavity. Surgical intervention, unfortunately, does not guarantee that cancer will not occur in the future.
Ultrasound examination of the scrotum does not allow the identification of the cellular structure of tumor formations, but combined clinical and laboratory studies can help diagnose the type of neoplasm. In these cases, the diagnosis is impossible without duplex scanning aimed at differentiating the affected areas.
Identification of infertility
One of the dangerous diseases of the scrotum is varicocele. This condition is characterized by venous expansion of the spermatic cords, leading to atrophic processes inside the testicles. Most often, the disease affects the left testicle, because the testicular vein, in whose tributaries the expansion occurs, left the spermatic cord and fell into the space of the left renal vein.
This leads to an increase in pressure over the vein of the left testicle, an expansion of its lumen, loss of elasticity by the walls and failure of the venous valves to perform their function. Aorto-mesenteric forceps syndrome leads to increased pressure in the left renal vein. This condition is characterized by compression to which the left renal vein is subjected, and a violation of the blood outflow, which contributes to increased pressure in each of the tributaries. Diagnosis of this deviation is possible with duplex scanning of the renal vessels.
Also, the diagnosis of varicocele on ultrasound is accompanied by taking a special sample that allows you to determine the presence of reverse blood flow in the veins of the spermatic cord.
In addition, they look at the change in the testicles themselves, because if the varicocele exists for a long time, the testicles can atrophy and lose their functions.
Ultrasound examination of the scrotal organ is often aimed at identifying the causes that affect the quantitative changes in the spermatozoon.
Conventionally, all processes are associated with maturation and reproduction, as well as the delivery of seminal fluid from the testicle.
When an ultrasound is performed, the size and structure of the testicle is assessed, a conclusion is made about its violations
building that can be cause of infertility (for example, atrophy).
If the patency of the paths along which the seed is taken out is impaired, the expansion of the seed passage is diagnosed.
Also, in some cases, a cyst of the epididymis and a cyst of the spermatic cord are detected. They lead to compression of the vas deferens and possible obstruction. Timely diagnosis of the quality of blood flow to the testicles contributes to effective treatment and recovery.
Ultrasound examination is one of the most modern and necessary methods for diagnosing a disease, which allows you to identify its development at an early stage of occurrence and take timely treatment and preventive measures.
Diagnosis of acute scrotum syndrome
With painful swelling of the organ, an immediate ultrasound examination is required to determine the causes of the disease. The syndrome can manifest itself with:
- Epididymitis,
- Orchiepididymitis,
- testicular torsion,
- Torsion the testicles,
- injury,
- Strangulated inguinal-scrotal hernia,
- dropsy testis,
- Hemorrhage, necrosis.
Characteristic features of epididymitis are an enlarged head of the epididymis, as well as a change in the structural structure. In the case of a disease that has arisen, it is possible to visualize the body and tail of the appendage.
In addition, there are frequent cases of collecting fluid in the scrotal organ.
Symptoms of epididymitis or orchiepididymitis are most often similar to changes found on ultrasound during testicular torsion. If duplex scanning of the vascular system of the testicles is used, a more accurate diagnosis can be made. If torsion has occurred, then the testicular artery that feeds it becomes pinched.
Carrying out duplex scanning, we will not see the characteristic pulsation of the vessel. Such a disease is very dangerous, since untimely surgical intervention can cause loss of the scrotum. Therefore, it is very important to identify and diagnose the disease. There are several routes of infection:
- Hematogenous or lymphogenous. In this case, the ultrasound shows an increase in the appendage, its broken structure, but it is difficult to see the elements of the body and tail,
- By taking certain types of drugs (for example, Kordaron),
- Chemical - due to the fact that urine enters the vas deferens of the caudal part of the epididymis.
In advanced inflammatory cases, a purulent cavity may appear in the middle of the scrotal sac, an abscess, testicular infarction, or fulminant fasciitis (gangrenous condition) may occur.
Video Space Medicine Application for Terrestrial Wellness
Content
- Video Tumor Board #5. Сlinical cases (ENG)
- How is an ultrasound of the testicles done in men?
- Price
- Indications for the study
- What does ultrasound show
- Possible pathologies
- What are the benefits of an ultrasound scan of the scrotum?
- How is the procedure carried out
- How is an ultrasound examination performed??
- Contraindications
- Training
- Video Herniomarathon-3. English version
- Diagnosis of oncogenic neoplasms
- Identification of infertility
- Diagnosis of acute scrotum syndrome
- Video Space Medicine Application for Terrestrial Wellness
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